{"id":21890,"date":"2018-02-27T00:37:33","date_gmt":"2018-02-26T13:37:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/?p=21890"},"modified":"2018-02-27T00:37:33","modified_gmt":"2018-02-26T13:37:33","slug":"shape-with-a-feather","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/shape-with-a-feather\/","title":{"rendered":"Shape with a Feather, not a Bludgeon"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_21891\" style=\"width: 320px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21891\" src=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/statue-contemplating-1530690.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"362\" style=\"border: 2px solid black\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21891\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/statue-contemplating-1530690.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/statue-contemplating-1530690-99x120.jpg 99w, https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/statue-contemplating-1530690-298x360.jpg 298w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-21891\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image courtesy www.freeimages.com \/ herbert van der wegen<\/p><\/div>\n<p>There&#8217;s a bit of a rambling backstory to this article which I would omit if it weren&#8217;t central to the subject. Since that&#8217;s the case, I&#8217;ll have to ask you to bear with me for a bit.<\/p>\n<p>I was musing in the shower this morning of the significance of the Australian Music TV show, &#8220;Countdown&#8221; (1970s and 80s) and its impact on Australian Culture, and came to the conclusion that it may have been even more profound than even the many fans of the show acknowledge, in three fundamentally-important ways.<\/p>\n<h3>Thought 1<\/h3>\n<p>First, by throwing together our domestic performers and the best and most-popular artists from overseas, the show challenged our domestic performers to step up &#8211; and celebrated them when they did so. These were the formative years for artists such as The Little River Band, AC\/DC, Air Supply, INXS, and Men At Work, to name but a few. How many of those have you heard of?<\/p>\n<p>By showing that local artists could compete with the best, when on a level playing field, the youth generation of the 1970s began to discard the Cultural Cringe that had afflicted Australian Culture since the country was first established as a British penal colony. As that generation matured over the next decade, they carried an attitude of &#8220;we&#8217;re as good as anyone else&#8221; with them into every sphere of activity.<\/p>\n<p>That bastion of conservatism, Politics, remains the last hold-out for many dinosaurian attitudes of the past, but even there they are in the minority. So threatened do the traditionalists feel that a populist minority sub-culture has arisen to foam at the mouth, demand that the clock be wound back, and the tides be forced to retreat on command. To date, they have encountered markedly little success. Make no mistake, most of the adherents are good people who have become frightened of a world they no longer fully understand and over which they no longer perceive even the illusion of control; they see only the virtues of old that have been lost, without appreciating that for every loss there has been a greater gain.<\/p>\n<h3>Thought 2<\/h3>\n<p>Of course, the claim to fame that most people cite for Countdown &#8211; and that most critics dispute &#8211; is the allegation that they discovered many famous acts. Abba, Blondie, John Cougar (Mellencamp), Culture Club, Meatloaf, Boz Scaggs, the Motels &#8211; all had their first major success in Australia and Countdown was usually Australia&#8217;s first exposure to them. Other artists who succeeded despite little or no radio exposure &#8211; in part due to appearances on the show &#8211; include XTC, Elvis Costello, The Specials, Joe Jackson, The Cure, The Ramones, The Cars, The Bay City Rollers, Foreigner, Graham Parker &#038; The Rumour, Daryl Hall &#038; John Oates, The Police, Adam &#038; The Ants, Simple Minds, Devo, and Duran Duran.<\/p>\n<p>That might not be a complete &#8216;who&#8217;s who&#8217; of popular music from the era, but it comes darned close!<\/p>\n<p>Was Countdown the only show presenting what are now known as Videos or Video Clips? No. Sounds Unlimited, to name just one rival, was longer (hours) in airtime and so presented a broader palette each week. But their reach was tiny (though concentrated) in comparison to that of the national broadcaster, and they were less successful at spotting &#8220;The Next Big Thing&#8221;. Their time-slot &#8211; early Saturday Mornings &#8211; also limited their impact.<\/p>\n<p>In fact, there is only one act that I can remember having any significant success during the Countdown era without ever appearing on the show (and often appearing there before anywhere else) &#8211; Midnight Oil &#8211; and that was because they refused to appear on it for ideological reasons; they considered it too commercially-driven (despite it being on the only non-commercial network, and their being happy to appear on other shows that <em>were<\/em> supported by advertising. No, that makes no sense to me, either.<\/p>\n<p>That&#8217;s a huge impact on popular culture &#8211; something akin to the impact that MTV had on the US when it started &#8211; but Countdown was on the air in <em>1975.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>More importantly, &#8220;Molly&#8221; Meldrum, the host and co-producer of the show, who hand-picked the artists and sometimes the songs that were to be performed, developed a reputation as having a &#8220;golden ear&#8221;. If he said something was going to be a hit, it often was &#8211; and record companies were quick to notice the pronouncements, often putting additional promotional dollars behind the artists in the UK and US, sometimes after all but giving up on them.<\/p>\n<p>In part, the global impact of that great long list of artists can be traced back to Countdown. It became known <em>internationally<\/em> as THE show to do in Australia, and that helped put the country on the global &#8220;map.&#8221; Even those critics that I mentioned don&#8217;t dispute this; only the <em>size<\/em> of the contribution remains open to debate. But it&#8217;s worth pointing out that those critics are frequently contradicted by the artists themselves in interviews.<\/p>\n<p>Both of these effects are things that I had realized before, and have written about &#8211; see, for example, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/pickin-and-choosin\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Pickin&#8217; and Choosin&#8217;<\/a> from almost a year ago (March 2016) (where <em>does<\/em> the time go?).<\/p>\n<h3>Thought 3<\/h3>\n<p>But my third thought grew out of the combination of awareness of the first two, plus the geographic sensitivity arising from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/series\/the-diversity-of-seasons\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Diversity Of Seasons<\/a> series, and, especially, part 1 of that series.<\/p>\n<p>You see Australia became known globally as a trend-setter. Groundbreaking groups and artists through to the 2000s continually cite Australian acts that preceded them as inspiration, or consider their style as a reaction to such trends. It sometimes seems as though an Australian was in the forefront of every major pop-culture development of the last 50 years, but never more-so than during the Countdown era and the decade or so that followed it.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In part, that can be dismissed as illusion; as Australians, we naturally pay more attention when someone mentions our country, whether that be Kurt Cobain or Johnny Rotten. And being listed as an &#8220;influence&#8221; says nothing of the relative significance of that influence.<\/li>\n<li>In part, it can be attributed to Australia being a cultural melting-pot, able to take an off-beat idea from somewhere obscure and integrate it with other influences to form something palatable to a broader market.<\/li>\n<li>In part, it can be considered a side-effect of that phenomenon, in that Australians don&#8217;t generally care where a good idea or a good song comes from; if we like it, we like it, and say so.<\/li>\n<li>In part, it can be directly attributed to Countdown, which showcased to the international visitors just what the local artists could do.<br \/>\n<blockquote><p>\nI need to interrupt with a sidebar to expand on that point slightly. Countdown is often cited as being akin to Top Of The Pops by British visitors, but there is one important distinction: to get on the latter show, you had to already be successful. To some extent, that was true of Sounds, here in Australia, too, though they had some friends to whom they were loyal despite limited national success. There were restrictions on the equivalent shows in the US like American Bandstand and Solid Gold. To get on Countdown, you either had to be phenomenally successful, a part of Australian &#8220;Musical Royalty,&#8221; or &#8216;Molly&#8217; had to like your song. Some artists who went on to substantial success, like Pseudo Echo, didn&#8217;t even have a recording contract when they appeared; that might not seem remarkable in this era of YouTube and Social Media and Independent Labels, but in the early 80s, it was remarkable.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li> And, in part, the phenomenon can be viewed as the result of the Australian &#8220;Bush Engineering&#8221; attitude, which found ways to do things that the technology available said they shouldn&#8217;t be able to do.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>But none of these, even in aggregate, seemed sufficient to explain the phenomenon.<\/p>\n<p>This morning, I realized that the missing link was the enormous <em>size<\/em> of the country &#8211; very close to the same land-area as the continental United States, as I have pointed out before, notably as part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/series\/the-essential-reference-library-for-pulp-gms-and-others\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Essential Reference Library For Pulp GMs (and others)<\/a> series. In that series, I generated the image below, which shows both countries to scale:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/australia-usa.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"474\" style=\"border: 2px solid black\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-18744\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/australia-usa.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/australia-usa-120x98.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(and here&#8217;s the European equivalent, from the same post, just so my British readers don&#8217;t feel left out:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/australia-europe.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"509\" style=\"border: 2px solid black\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-18745\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/australia-europe.jpg 360w, https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/australia-europe-120x105.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Unlike the US, most of my country is very sparsely inhabited. Each of the states has a capital city but rarely any other settlements that even come close to a fifth of those cities in terms of population.<\/p>\n<p>Populations, in other words, are reasonably isolated, a situation that inevitably creates the opportunity for distinctiveness. So, in each little corner of the country, artists were able to find their unique &#8220;voices&#8221;, deriving what they wanted or needed from those who had come before them and those who visited these shores, and twisting it to their own creative needs.<\/p>\n<p>And, when they got good enough, polished enough, Countdown was waiting to elevate them overnight to national prominence, which could then become a springboard to international success, especially if a visiting international artist of the calibre of a David Bowie or Elton John heard them and returned home raving about what they had seen and heard &#8211; something that is known to have happened more than once.<\/p>\n<h3>Synthesizing a Gestalt Impression<\/h3>\n<p>The first influence of Countdown created the Mystique, Credibility, and Opportunity for the second. The second brought the Big Names from all over the world to the Countdown set. Given the nature of the show, and the nature of the Australian Landscape, the third was an inevitable outgrowth of the show&#8217;s very existence.<\/p>\n<p>There was a stately inevitability about the whole thing that resulted from the show being<br \/>\n the right thing at the right time.<\/p>\n<p>(Given all of the above, in hindsight, it&#8217;s hard to see why it was so difficult to convince television management that the show would be a phenomenal success if they simply left it alone, but it was. And even harder to see why it ultimately failed and was taken off the air. But that&#8217;s a subject for some other occasion).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2BPRA8V\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/51vXbP3g-3L.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"495\" style=\"border: 2px solid black\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-21892\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/51vXbP3g-3L.jpg 317w, https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/51vXbP3g-3L-77x120.jpg 77w, https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/51vXbP3g-3L-231x360.jpg 231w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 317px) 100vw, 317px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Segueing into Relevance<\/h3>\n<p>At this point &#8211; still only a few minutes into that shower &#8211; the whole reverie fused with a thought that&#8217;s been hitting me repeatedly while reading <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2BPRA8V\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Rivan Codex<\/a> by David and Leigh Eddings (this is the compilation of their background notes to the <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2BQx3RI\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Belgariad<\/a> (available as a set on Amazon) and the <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2F8PRxO\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mallorean<\/a> (link to purchase the set), not to mention the Prequels, <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2BSKcKc\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Belgarath The Sorcerer<\/a> (quite cheap on Amazon) and <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2sXbH23\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Polgara The Sorceress<\/a> (also very affordable).). If you&#8217;re adept at reading between the lines and are familiar with those books, the Codex is the Blueprint to the series, bearing the same relationship to them as a GM&#8217;s pre-campaign notes do to the Campaign that ultimately manifests from them.<\/p>\n<p>The best history &#8211; real or game &#8211; makes the events that occur inevitable consequences of the conjunction of individuals and circumstances. No sudden changes of character, just a logical progression of cause to effect to second effect, and so on.<\/p>\n<p>A plus B, plus C, plus D, plus E, makes F seem pretty inescapable. This is the ideal of campaign backgrounds; it exudes plausibility because the characters are consistent, and logical (to whatever extent is permissible given their personalities).<\/p>\n<p>Another article that notes these patterns of inevitability and needs to be referenced at this point is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/influences-styles-trends-and-oscillations\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Influences , Styles, Trends and Oscillations<\/a>, which deals with the recurring motifs that underlie societies and politics throughout the world.<\/p>\n<h3>Questions of Technique<\/h3>\n<p>But let&#8217;s put all that into a new context and give it some new relevance by doing so. &#8220;A plus B leads to C, and C plus D leads to E, and E plus A leads to F,&#8221; in which F is what the GM wants the PCs to encounter and react to &#8211; probably, in this context, &#8220;&#8230;and F plus C leads to G&#8221;, i.e. F is the status quo brought about by A, and what the PCs will run into is C&#8217;s response to the situation.<\/p>\n<p>There are two possible approaches to this: you can start with A, B, and .D, constructs &#8211; be they social or racial or economic or whatever &#8211; that will conflict or compound in interesting ways, and then simply let events shape themselves in the background until it is certain that the PCs will live in &#8220;interesting times&#8221; &#8211; with the occasional inevitable piece of hammering of the relationships and statuses and acts of random chance and moments of brilliance until you end up at F. That&#8217;s the easy way &#8211; and the clumsy way.<\/p>\n<p>Every great fantasy novel that I&#8217;ve ever read functions more like the &#8220;A plus B&#8221; statement given &#8211; and the better the novel, the more inevitable the background makes the conflict at the heart of the story. That&#8217;s what most of us want from our RPG backgrounds.<\/p>\n<p>We want, in other words, to tickle our backgrounds into shape with a feather, not pound them into submission using a bludgeon. We want the game world itself to generate the &#8220;interesting times&#8221; that surround the PCs and form the context and backdrop to whatever they want to do &#8211; and to ensure that no matter what they do, someone will do something interesting will begin to take note. Game backgrounds should behave like the famous quote from The Godfather III &#8211; &#8220;Just when I thought I was out&#8230; they pull me back in.&#8221; Or, in our case, &#8220;it pulls you back in.&#8221; Or, you could rephrase it, &#8220;Just when it looked safe to ignore it, the background becomes relevant again.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>That recipe is the difference between a good campaign and a great one. Push the dominoes over when they are facing one way, and one pattern will result; shift one of them ever-so-slightly in position and facing, and what results <em>can<\/em> be completely different.<\/p>\n<p>The more that you can get your game background to do all the heavy lifting of putting the PCs into adventurous circumstances, the less you have to struggle with doing so. In a perfect world, you wouldn&#8217;t have to do anything except show up to interpret die rolls and fill the shoes of NPCs, and the rest does itself; but that&#8217;s an impossible standard of perfection. The reality is that some game prep will always be necessary, but it is possible to minimize and focus it.<\/p>\n<h3>Let&#8217;s Look At The Reality<\/h3>\n<p>To avoid getting bogged down in specifics, I&#8217;m going to keep this discussion as abstract as possible. It gets a little technical, so take your time and try to keep up!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<h5>Design Iteration One<\/h5>\n<p>So, let&#8217;s assume that you start with three conceptual building blocks, A, B, and D, with A and B in immediate contact.<\/p>\n<p>What&#8217;s the result? Let&#8217;s call it C. At this point, one of two things can happen: D can encounter C, or A can act in response to D. Let&#8217;s say that one produces E, and the other F. E is what we are trying to achieve, but is <em>this particular E<\/em> what we want?<\/p>\n<h5>The Two-Question Test<\/h5>\n<p>I find that a good test of quality is, Can you generate at least 6 distinctly separate adventures off it in 15 seconds? Count them off with your fingers, then write them down when the count is complete. <\/p>\n<p>And, if the answer to that is &#8216;yes&#8217;, Can you generate at least 6 more in a minute? Hint: think of the great character and racial PC archetypes and how they would be affected by, or would affect, the situation. You only need 6 &#8220;That could be interesting&#8221;s that you didn&#8217;t think of in round one of your testing. Importantly, this gives you 6 ideas that can directly involve PCs and 6 general ideas that can involve anyone not covered by the 6 archetype answers.<\/p>\n<p>Write these down when you&#8217;ve finished counting, too.<\/p>\n<h5>Design Iteration One-point-five<\/h5>\n<p>It&#8217;s more likely that the answer is &#8220;no&#8221;. The next thing to look at is &#8220;D plus F&#8221; &#8211; does THAT give the result you want?<\/p>\n<p>If the answer is &#8216;yes&#8217; &#8211; i.e. it passes the two-fold test above &#8211; then you are on your way. But, once again, the answer is probably &#8216;no&#8217;.<\/p>\n<h5>Design Iteration Two<\/h5>\n<p>Which then leads to the next question: with the hindsight of the previous iterations, will the interaction of A and B <em>ever<\/em> produce something that will combine with D to produce the E\/F you want?<\/p>\n<p>You can get a feel for the question from how close you came to a &#8216;yes&#8217; in the two-question test posed above. If you think that you&#8217;re close, then continue with alternating A plus B influences until you produce a product that will achieve what you want.<\/p>\n<p>Occasionally, there will be a yes at this point, but more often not. Which is actually a <em>Good<\/em> Thing. Look at this way: what you&#8217;re generating here are the histories of the respective groups labeled A and B.<\/p>\n<h5>Design Iteration Three<\/h5>\n<p>Having determined that there&#8217;s no way to get where you want to go from here, it&#8217;s time to exercise our power as GMs. Can changing one of the three elements &#8211; A, B, or D &#8211; just a little &#8211; provide a solution to whatever is getting in the way of a &#8216;yes&#8217; result? The answer is possibly yes, but more likely no. But until you&#8217;ve invested the thought required to get through Iterations one, one-point-five, and two, you simply don&#8217;t have a sufficiently solid concept of the elements and their potential interactions in order to evaluate a question this broad.<\/p>\n<p>If you&#8217;re a sufficiently experienced GM, you <em>may<\/em> be able to substitute that expertise for intellectual appraisal &#8211; a sort of sixth sense about which ideas will get you close to a &#8216;yes&#8217; and which won&#8217;t.<\/p>\n<p>And, all along, you are subconsciously posing a third question regarding how much the proposed campaign appeals to you as a GM. You need a &#8216;yes&#8217; to that question, too, or you will be looking for reasons to reject a possible &#8216;yes&#8217; &#8211; be honest with yourself, it will save you time in the long run.<\/p>\n<h5>Design Iteration Three-point-five<\/h5>\n<p>It is often the case is that you can get half-way to a &#8216;yes&#8217; with one form of A, B, and D, and half-way with something else in place of one of those elements. Call it G. G could be a replacement for the existing A, or the existing B, or the existing C.<\/p>\n<p>You then need to contemplate whether or not the presence of the existing item being replaced will interfere with G doing what you want? And, can G still do so when it&#8217;s operating on E or F instead of C? Depending on the answers, you may need to introduce influence H to transform D into G when D has run it&#8217;s course in terms of campaign value.<\/p>\n<p>The number of possible combinations of ingredients multiply faster than you can keep track of them. That&#8217;s where the artistry of campaign design occurs.<\/p>\n<p>Once you have all that sorted out, it&#8217;s time to do for D (and probably G) what you have already done for C &#8211; define a couple of precursors that give it a past history. Call them I and J (and potentially K and L for G).<\/p>\n<p>Of course, you can perpetuate this into infinity; another artistic judgment is when to stop, when you&#8217;ve done enough.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s assume, though, that you have achieved a best &#8211; simplest &#8211; case outcome from the elements described.<\/p>\n<h5>Design Iteration Four<\/h5>\n<p>12 plots &#8211; not all of which you will be able to use in-game &#8211; are not enough. If you were certain of being able to use them all, that might be a different story. Fortunately, you have more plots at your fingertips than you might realize.<\/p>\n<p>We currently have I and J creating D. We may also have K and L creating G. We have A and B creating C.<\/p>\n<p>A, B, I, J, K, and L are what are called &#8220;Primary elements&#8221; &#8211; the starting points. So far, we have only looked at three interactions between them. The<br \/>\n next step, &#8220;Design Iteration Four,&#8221; is to list all the other valid possible interactions. When A meets I, what happens? It may be nothing interesting. It may be that there&#8217;s only one idea there &#8211; add it to the stockpile. Or it might be that you end up with another chain of interactions, like the &#8220;A+B=C, C+D=E, E=12 plotlines&#8221; chain that we started with. This may not yield 12 plotlines; that doesn&#8217;t matter, but it&#8217;s adding more than one to the list.<\/p>\n<p>Repeat for all the possible combinations that you&#8217;ve listed.<\/p>\n<h5>Design Iteration Five<\/h5>\n<p>Are there any major archetypes within your campaign genre\/game that you haven&#8217;t represented? Then you have four choices: Either they were never a part of this game world (and so are not available for PCs, something the Players need to know), or they existed and have been wiped out in some past historical event, or they have only just arisen, or they will come into existence some distance into the campaign. Each of the major racial and character archetypes need to be assigned to one or more of these categories (perhaps Drow keep arising and getting wiped out, but the potential for heresy lingers, awaiting it&#8217;s chance in a new generation?)<\/p>\n<p>Actually, there&#8217;s a fifth option, which I&#8217;ll come to in Iteration Seven.<\/p>\n<p>The choice should be based on whether or not their presence generates any additional plotlines, according to the circumstances and internal logic of the campaign that you have been formulating. If they contribute nothing, get rid of them.<\/p>\n<h5>Design Iteration Five-point-five<\/h5>\n<p>Each such design element that you add to the list has its own potential list of interactions &#8211; so repeat Iteration Four for each of them. Note that the more elements you add, the more potential interactions you have to consider &#8211; so be reasonably ruthless in your pruning in Iteration Five.<\/p>\n<h5>Design Iteration Six:<\/h5>\n<p>It&#8217;s time to ask <a href=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/a-quality-of-spirit\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the bigger questions<\/a>, if you haven&#8217;t already been doing so. First, and most importantly, what is unique and different about this campaign, and do your adventures reflect that &#8211; or are they generic plug-ins? Second, what are the Gods and what&#8217;s the Theology? Third, what is magic\/new tech and how does it work (if you need ideas, consult <a href=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/what-is-magic\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">What Is Magic? Six Answers<\/a>)? Fourth, what&#8217;s the fundamental cosmology? Fifth, what (broadly) are the creation beliefs? Sixth, what happens to the Spirit\/Soul after death? Seventh, how do Undead fit into all this? And Eighth &#8211; after answering all of these &#8211; what <em>now<\/em> is the answer to the first question?<\/p>\n<p>And then, the most complicated and tedious questions of them all: how are each of the campaign elements identified going to be affected? Ideally, you will get one additional adventure per big question for each of two or three different elements. The problems arise when the answers are incompatible with the interactions that you have mapped out; you either then have to complicate the situation, or change your answer to the Big Question, or start revising your campaign elements to avoid the problem. Which solution you choose should vary according to the situation; the big questions are often the most profound ones, the ones that define and distinguish a campaign.<\/p>\n<p>Sometimes, answering them <em>first<\/em> can be productive. I tend to do so, but YMMV.<\/p>\n<p>There&#8217;s also a second-order batch of questions that can be worth asking: How are magic items created? Can they be destroyed? How do Mages create new spells? How do Clerics acquire new spells? Is Necromancy fundamentally different in some respect? How about Fey Magic?<\/p>\n<h5>Design Iteration Seven<\/h5>\n<p>Next, it&#8217;s time to look at that long list of possible design elements that were rejected as <em>not being central to the campaign<\/em> back in Design Iteration Five. Unless their presence would undo something that you regard as essential, or contradict an answer to one of the Big Questions, it&#8217;s likely that they exist in the campaign background as &#8220;noise&#8221;, having never played a significant role in the shaping of events. Both parts of that &#8220;unless&#8221; are equally-important &#8211; some creatures are so influential that they can&#8217;t exist within a campaign without either extensive rewrites <em>or<\/em> influencing history &#8211; <em>even if that influence isn&#8217;t yet recognized.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Once again, a weeding, but this time it&#8217;s a presumptive &#8220;include&#8221;, and always the implied question has to be answered, &#8220;why have these creatures\/archetypes not been significant?&#8221;.<\/p>\n<h5>Design Iteration Eight<\/h5>\n<p>The final stage is to design a physical platform for all this to happen. There are those who think this should be designed back at the beginning, but I prefer to change the geography to support the campaign, and not the other way around. There will only be a few configurations of the different groups that fit the history you&#8217;ve put together, but all you need is one &#8211; and never forget the potential, perhaps even the likelihood, that some of the history you&#8217;ve defined will have had tangible effects on the landscape. Bringing this article back to one of it&#8217;s starting points, the cutting down of the great forest to incinerate the dead after the Battle of Vo Mimbre is a great example. This is also your opportunity to pepper your geography with locations of historical relevance and names of historic commemoration (refer <a href=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/memorials-to-history\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Memorials To History<\/a>). Not to mention a generous smattering of locations that are just plain interesting or weird (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/six-wonders-for-fantasy\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Six Wonders: A selected assortment of Wondrous Locations for a fantasy RPG<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/5-more-wonders-for-fantasy\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Five More Wonders: Another assortment of Locations for a fantasy RPG<\/a> if you need inspiration or examples). You may also find <a href=\"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/matching-location-to-plot-needs\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">People, Places, and Narratives: Matching Locations to plot needs<\/a> to be useful in this context.\n<\/ul>\n<p>It goes without saying (I hope) that this process works for designing any genre of campaign. Or key elements of any adventure within such a campaign. Or the background of any NPC within such an adventure. Or the history of any family or location in such an adventure. Or any vessel. Or any government, or any governmental policy, or any law (The sheer variety of application is a major reason why I wanted to keep the description as abstract as possible). <\/p>\n<p>At the end of it &#8211; or any of the innumerable variations possible &#8211; you will have yourself a Campaign, a stockpile of adventure ideas, a guarantee of &#8220;interesting times&#8221; for the PCs, and a verisimilitude that money can&#8217;t buy. What more do you want?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There&#8217;s a bit of a rambling backstory to this article which I would omit if it weren&#8217;t central to the subject. Since that&#8217;s the case, I&#8217;ll have to ask you to bear with me for a bit. I was musing in the shower this morning of the significance of the Australian Music TV show, &#8220;Countdown&#8221; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[65,29,180,67,83,70,84,74,188,89,297,91,85,87,298,299,86,94,95,88,97,96],"tags":[237,100,102,106,107,108,163,155,109,111,127,172,218,137,141,223,165,232],"series":[],"class_list":["post-21890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-campaign-creation","category-campaign-management","category-cyberpunk","category-dnd","category-fantasy-games","category-gm-ing","category-horror-games","category-mike","category-mystery-detective-games","category-npcs-etc","category-pirateswashbuckling-games","category-plans-and-prep","category-pulp-games","category-sf-games","category-spy-secret-agent-games","category-steampunk","category-superhero-games","category-ideas-and-inspiration","category-tools","category-cowboy-games","category-world-design","category-write","tag-adventure-creation","tag-adventure-prep","tag-advice-tools","tag-campaign-background","tag-campaign-setting","tag-campaigns","tag-cultures-societies","tag-dd","tag-dm-advice","tag-encounter-design","tag-inspiration","tag-npcs","tag-pathfinder","tag-plausibility","tag-races","tag-sci-fi","tag-tools-techniques","tag-writing"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1toiD-5H4","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21890"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21890"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21890\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21896,"href":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21890\/revisions\/21896"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21890"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.campaignmastery.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=21890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}